Page 457 - FRUTAS DEL TRÓPICO

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shoRt couRse on tRopical fRuits

movement for rows to be oriented in an east-west direction. Orientation of the rows is less

important for orchards near the equator.

3. Irrigation system installation for watering and possibly fertilizing. There are numerous types of

irrigation including flood, high volume, and microsprinkler and drip.

4. The most important factor with any irrigation system is its management. This includes soil

moisture monitoring and irrigation scheduling.

5. Irrigation systems designed to inject fertilizer must be designed properly to prevent contami-

nation of the water source (e.g., well, river).

Cultivars, pollination, and fruit maturity

There are numerous cultivars and their use depends upon market demands and agricultural
economics. Predominantly monoembryonic types are grown for international trade (e.g., ‘Ha-

den’, ‘Kent’, ‘Tommy Atkins’, ‘Keitt’) although that is changing (e.g., ‘Manila’, ‘Ataulfo’).

The major mango pollinators include flies and bees. Generally, less than 0.1% of the

flowers set fruit and carry it to maturity. Fruit maturity is determined by date, fullness of shoul-

ders and cheeks, color development, fruit size. Internally, color development from white to

yellow indicates ability to ripen. International standards have been agreed upon and may be

found in the Codex Standard for Mangoes (Codex Stan 184-1993, AMD. 1-2005).

Cultivars – monoembryonic and polyembryonic

There are numerous mango cultivars and commercial cultivars vary with country and region

of the world.

Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas