Page 459 - FRUTAS DEL TRÓPICO

459
shoRt couRse on tRopical fRuits

Plant nutrition
Mangos produce well when grown in soils will low to moderate soil fertility. Highly fertile soils

should be avoided because they may cause a bias for vegetative growth over reproductive

growth. Fertilizer rates and types will vary with soil type, climate, and cultivar. In general, split

the NPK application into 2-4 applications per year, e.g., prior to or at bloom, mid-season, at

or just after harvest.

Leaf sampling is useful for monitoring plant nutrient levels. A key element in vegetative

and reproductive growth is nitrogen (N). Nitrogen leaf levels should be kept at or below

1.4%. Over application of nitrogen may reduce the potential for flowering. Typical leaf nu-

trient levels for a particular region depend upon soil type, cultivar, leaves sampled, leaf analy-
sis methods, time of year, and cultural practices. Secondary and minor elements should be

applied on an as needed basis or maintenance level to maintain tree health.

Critical periods for irrigation

Irrigation of mango is beneficial at flowering and fruit set and during fruit development. Irriga-
tion under extreme drought conditions may also be warranted. The irrigation rate (amount)

varies with tree size, climatic demands, soil type and depth and should be determined with

soil moisture monitoring.

In general, mature mango trees only need to be irrigated during prolonged, severe dry

periods. Over irrigation may result in tree decline and increased disease problems on the lea-

ves and fruit.

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